Fever in children is one of the most common concerns parents face. Very often, a child with a fever causes worry and stress, especially for new parents with little experience. In reality, fever is a natural defense mechanism of the body to fight infections and usually is not dangerous if treated properly.
In this article, you will find practical guidance on what to do when your child has a fever, when to seek medical help, and the safest ways to lower a fever at home.
What causes fever?
Fever in children is usually caused by viral infections, such as flu, colds, or upper respiratory infections. Less often, it can be caused by bacterial infections, reactions to vaccines, or other health conditions that require immediate attention. Fever is defined when body temperature rises above 37.5°C (99.5°F) under the arm, or over 38°C (100.4°F) if measured rectally.
How to measure temperature properly?
Many parents make mistakes when taking their child’s temperature. Always use a digital thermometer and ensure the child stays calm during the measurement. For babies under 3 months, a rectal measurement gives the most accurate result. For older children, you can also use ear or forehead thermometers but always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
What can you do at home?
• Keep hydrated: Offer plenty of fluids – water, mild teas, or soups. Dehydration can worsen the condition.
• Dress lightly: Dress your child in light clothes. Avoid too many blankets or heavy clothing, which can raise the temperature further.
• Rest and ventilation: Keep the room fresh and well ventilated.
• Warm compresses: Gently wipe your child’s body with a cloth soaked in lukewarm water, but never use cold water or ice.
• Medication: If the fever is over 38.5°C (101.3°F) and your child is feeling very unwell, you can use antipyretics like paracetamol or ibuprofen, but always consult a doctor or pharmacist first.
When to call the doctor?
In some cases, fever can be a sign of a more serious condition that needs medical attention. Call your doctor immediately if:
• Your child is younger than 3 months and has a fever over 38°C (100.4°F).
• The fever lasts more than 3 days without improvement.
• Your child has difficulty breathing, signs of dehydration (dry mouth, very little urine), seizures, or is not responding normally.
• There is a rash that doesn’t fade when pressed.
• The child is unusually sleepy, unresponsive, or has a severe headache that doesn’t go away.
What you should not do:
Avoid using alcohol or vinegar for wiping the body. Don’t force your child to eat. Never use antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription, as most fevers in children are caused by viruses, which do not respond to antibiotics.
Final tips for parents
Remember, most fevers pass on their own within a few days. Stay calm and support your child with care and attention. If you have any doubts, do not hesitate to contact your family doctor. Better an unnecessary call than ignoring a situation that could get worse.
Care, love, and accurate information are the best tools for dealing with fever in children